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Cancer is a genetic disorder in which the normal control of cell growth is lost. Cancer genetics is now one of the fastest expanding medical specialties. At the molecular level, cancer is caused by mutation(s) in DNA, which result in aberrant cell proliferation. Most of these mutations are acquired and occur in somatic cells. However, some people inherit mutation(s) in the germline.〔Fiona Lalloo. Genetics of Oncologists. ISBN.1901346196. remedica Publishing〕 The mutation(s) occur in two classes of cellular genes: ''oncogenes'' and ''tumor suppressor genes''. Transformation of proto-oncogene to oncogene〔Robert F. Mueller AND Young I.D.Emery's Elements of Medical Genetics. ISBN.0 443 07125 X〕 is the result of gain in function through: *Over-expression of the gene, or duplication (such as amplification) to produce increased onco-protein *Activation or formation of fusion gene by translocation *Alteration of the gene product to produce transforming proteins ==Examples of Oncogenes== *Signal transduction proteins: * *''Abl'' * *''Src'' * *''H-ras'' * *''N-ras'' *Nuclear DNA binding protein: * *''Myc'' * *''N-Myc'' *Secreted growth factors: * *''Sis'' *Growth factors cell-surface receptors: * *''Erb-A'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Genetics of cancer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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